今年六月，由世界汉学中心举办的“文明互鉴·帆都雅韵”汉学经典研讨暨城市体验活动成功举行。北京语言大学梧桐汉学学者讲席教授、弗鲁米嫩塞联邦大学法学院助理教授、巴西瓦加斯基金会巴西—中国研究中心主任、“中国政府友谊奖”获得者高文勇（Evandro Menezes de Carvalho）等七国汉学家参加活动。

　　本文根据高文勇教授部分主旨演讲内容整理。

In 2024, Brazil and China celebrate 50 years of diplomatic relations. Over these decades, the relationship between the two countries has strengthened. China became Brazil's largest trading partner, and it was the first country in the world with which China established a Strategic Partnership. Both countries are founders of BRICS, are members of the New Development Bank, are two very active countries in the G20, and have a foreign policy agenda with shared objectives in defending multilateralism, the reform of international organizations such as the IMF, the World Bank, the WTO, and the UN; and the defense of the UN as the central organization of the international order.

China and Brazil are countries of continental dimensions. China is the third largest country in the world by territory, and Brazil is the fifth. China has a population of 1.4 billion people, and Brazil has the sixth largest population, just over 210 million. China is the second-largest economy in the world, and Brazil recently became the eighth-largest economy. Brazil and China can contribute to building a fairer and more inclusive international order in the 21st century.

However, despite the growing importance of this bilateral relationship, both countries know very little about each other.

Because of this, I have been studying China intensely over the last ten years. My most recent book will be published next August, marking the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Brazil and China. Its title (still provisionally) is "China: and the Path for Revitalization."

The book aims to introduce to Brazilian readers a historical, cultural, and institutional perspective on the governance of contemporary China.

Initially, my research focused on China's governance under President Xi Jinping's government. However, to understand contemporary China, it is essential to understand China's history, philosophy, and culture. To do this, reading Chinese classics and their interpreters (whether Chinese or foreign authors) was necessary. Furthermore, it was fundamental for me to have a concrete and lively experience of life in China. Direct contact with the Chinese people helps create a more realistic and vivid vision of the country. I could not fail to mention the importance of the Chinese language as a relevant factor in accessing sources and the Chinese way of thinking.

Of course, translating Chinese books into other languages is essential for us. Translators of Chinese works do a fundamental civilizing work to promote dialogue between peoples.

But in addition to understanding Chinese history, culture, and philosophy, to understand the governance of contemporary China, it is necessary to have a notion about the institutional and organizational structure of the Communist Party of China and the organs of state power and how these organs work.

Without this knowledge, today's China would not be understood. The work is colossal.

I have noticed in foreign media how frequently economic analyses of China are used to try to predict the country's future. Economists' knowledge is fundamental to understanding the dynamics of trade, investment, and capital in society. However, wanting to interpret a nation based only on numbers and not on the people and knowledge accumulated by this country over centuries or millennia can lead the observer to make severe analytical errors.

In his speech at the 19th CPC National Congress, Xi Jinping offered "Chinese wisdom" and the "Chinese approach" to help "solve the problems facing humanity." China's contributions to humanity would not be limited to the economic dimension. Still, they would extend to its cultural and intellectual heritage, which is presented as a valuable resource for the world. If, during the 19th and 20th centuries, China dedicated itself to learning Western theories, concepts, and practices to insert itself into the world institutionally and normatively structured according to the image of the West, which made little effort to understand and learn from China, now it is China who wants to offers its concepts, theories, and methods to the world. China's "entirely new stance" is based on a new Chinese diplomatic code, with its linguistic and non-linguistic signs, semantics, and pragmatics, which become part of its repertoire in international relations and with great potential to change aspects that were well consolidated in the global culture shaped by the West. With centuries of intellectual accumulation and social practice, Chinese wisdom and how Chinese deal with problems and seek solutions – that is, the Chinese method of establishing relationships – have become essential to international relations' political, economic, cultural, and social language.

By working together with a vision that transcends mere economic gain, we can build a brighter, more prosperous, and more harmonious – future that enhances the welfare of our people.

　　翻译参考：

　　2024年，巴西和中国迎来建交50周年。几十年来，两国关系不断加强。中国已成为巴西最大的贸易伙伴，也是世界上第一个与中国建立战略伙伴关系的国家。两国都是金砖国家的创始成员国，都是新开发银行的成员，都是二十国集团中非常活跃的国家，并且在捍卫多边主义、改革国际货币基金组织、世界银行、世界贸易组织和联合国等国际组织以及捍卫联合国作为国际秩序核心组织的外交政策议程上拥有共同目标。

　　中国和巴西都是幅员辽阔的国家。中国是世界第三大领土大国，巴西排名第五。中国有14亿人口，巴西人口排名第六，刚刚超过2.1亿。中国是世界第二大经济体，巴西最近成为第八大经济体。巴西和中国能够为在21世纪构建一个更加公平和包容的国际秩序做出贡献。

　　然而，尽管这一双边关系的重要性日益凸显，但两国对彼此的了解仍然很少。

　　因此，在过去的十年里，我一直深入研究中国。我的最新著作即将出版，以纪念巴西和中国建交50周年。该书标题（暂定）为《中国：复兴之路》。

　　本书旨在为巴西读者提供关于当代中国治理的历史、文化和制度视角。

　　最初，我的研究重点是习近平主席领导下的中国治理。然而，要了解当代中国，就必须了解中国的历史、哲学和文化。为此，阅读中国经典及其诠释书籍（无论是中国作者还是外国作者）都是必要的。此外，亲身体验中国的生活对我来说也是至关重要的。与中国人民的直接接触有助于形成对这个国家更加现实和生动的认识。我必须提到汉语作为获取资料和中国思维方式的重要途径的重要性。

　　当然，将中文书籍翻译成其他语言对我们来说至关重要。中国作品的译者为促进各国人民之间的对话做出了根本性的文明贡献。

　　但是，除了了解中国的历史、文化和哲学外，要了解当代中国的治理，还必须了解中国共产党的体制和组织结构以及国家权力机关及其运作方式。

　　没有这些知识，就无法理解今天的中国。这是一项艰巨的工作。

　　我注意到，外国媒体经常利用对中国的经济分析来预测该国的未来。经济学家的知识对于理解社会中的贸易、投资和资本动态至关重要。然而，如果只根据数字而不是根据这个国家数百或数千年来积累的人民和知识来解释一个国家，那么观察者可能会犯下严重的分析错误。

　　在中共十九大上，习近平主席提出了“中国智慧”和“中国方案”，以帮助“解决人类面临的问题”。中国对人类的贡献将不仅限于经济层面。相反，它将扩展到其文化和知识遗产，这是世界宝贵的资源。如果说在19世纪和20世纪，中国致力于学习西方的理论、概念和实践，以便按照西方的形象将自己纳入世界机构和规范结构中，而西方却很少努力了解和学习中国，那么现在，中国希望向世界提供其概念、理论和方法。中国的“全新姿态”基于新的中国外交准则，包括其语言和非语言符号、语义和语用学，这些都成为其在国际关系中的手段，并具有改变西方塑造的全球文化中根深蒂固的方面的巨大潜力。凭借数百年的知识积累和社会实践，中国智慧以及中国人处理问题和寻求解决方案的方式——即中国人建立关系的方法——已成为国际关系政治、经济、文化和社会语言的重要组成部分。

　　通过共同努力，超越单纯的经济利益，我们可以构建一个更加光明、繁荣和和谐的未来，从而提高我们人民的福祉。